Effect of insulin defficiency and insulin replacement therapy on body growth, the growth of submaxillary gland and chemical components in submaxillary gland of albino rats were observed. At the same time, the effects of single and 5 doses administration of isoproterenol on submaxillary gland following the change of insulin status were observed.
The results were as follow.
1) Compared with non-diabetic rats, the body weight, wet weight of submaxillary gland, amylase activity, total Nitrogen and Ca concentration were decreased markedly and Mg slightly in 5 and 10 days duration of diabetic rats. These changes were prevented partially by insulin replacement therapy.
2) In the experiment on the groups sacrificed at 2 hours after single injection of isoproterenol, the decreasing rate of Ca, N, and Mg concentration in submaxillary gland of 5 days duration of diabetic rats, were less marked than non-diabetic rats. But these changes in diabetic rats were prevented by insulin replacement therapy.
3) In the experiment on the groups sacrificed at 24 hours after 5 doses administration of isoproterenol, the increasing rates of submaxillary gland weight, N and Ca concentration in 10 days duration´ of diabetic rats were more marked than non-diabetic rats. .However, there was no difference in the increasing rates of amylase activity between two groups.
4) In non-diabetic rats, compared with the group sacrificed at 24 hours after 5 doses of is oproterenol administration, the submaxillary gland weight and N concentration were decreased less markedly but Mg and Ca concentration more markedly in the group sacrificed at 2 hours after 6 doses of isoproterenol administration.
The N and Mg concentration in submaxillary gland of 10 days duration of diabetic rats were decreased more markedly than non-diabetic rats. The decreasing rate of the other components were, however, almost same between two groups.
The increasing rates of amylase activity in submaxillary gland of 10 days duration of diabetic rats were less than non-diabetic rats. But these changes were prevented by insu linreplacement therapy.
In the course of these experiments, diabetes-induced changes of several inorganic substances and amylase activity in the submaxillary gland and the degree of the response of glandular components to isoproterenol administration in diabetic rats were prevented partially.
However, these results were shown that insulin has a significant role in the secretory function and maintaining some components of submaxillary gland.
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